Role of IAEA

Under the NPT, the non atomic weapons states (NNWS) hold not to acquire or to manufacture nuclear weapons or explosive devices and not to assist some other NNWS to do so (Elliott, 1989, pp. 259260).

IAEA was also charged with assisting signatories with civilian atomic energy question and development, helping less developed nations to obtain nuclear force out plants, encouraging scientific exchanges and establishing nuclear precaution standards. These latter activities make been successfully carried out by IAEA and are noncontr everywheresial. IAEA played a major role in detecting the 1986 Chernobyl4 nuclear accident and in developing remedial conventions and measures to improve safety procedures in the former Soviet bloc.

As of August, 1994, IAEA had 121 members, 35 of which are represented on its Board of Governors on a rotating stern (Fialka, 1994, p. A 4).

The Role of IAEA in Detecting Treaty Violations

The elemental nuclear safeguards administered by IAEA consist of automatic monitors, surveillance cameras and command visits to nuclear sites. These take a leak been supplemented in recent years by active cooperation of IAEA with the intelligence agencies of the nuclear states, including their life-sustaining reconnaissance satellite capabilities. Its surveillance techniques have become progressively more sophisticated; and its standards for ascer

The key challenge facing the global community is, as Bundy (1988) do it, "to find ways to limit the spread of nuclear weapons to other countries, and even to non governmental groups revolutionaries, terrorists or blackmailers"(p. 293). IAEA has a critical just nonetheless limited role in that effort. As of August, 1994, IAEA had two hundred trained inspectors conducting some 1000 nuclear facilities in over 60 countries (Raphael, 1993, p. A 18). The comparable number of facilities inspected in 1985 was approximately 514 in 51 countries (Spector, 1987, p. 245).

The reason for this expansion in IAEA's detective work activities is a series of shocks received by the innovation with compliancy to at that placetofore covert warmaking nuclear developments in India, Pakistan, Iraq, North Korea and possibly Iran. As the emphasis of IAEA has shifted away from guard of peaceful nuclear development to the monitoring of weapons programs, some well-read observers, such as nuclear scientist Gordon Thompson, have alleged that there is an inherent conflict between the two activities and that IAEA should shed its non host related functions (Thompson and Burkenhas, 1992, p. 18 and Thompson, 1993, p. E 14).

The activities of IAEA are part of a broader effort to prevent the surreptitious acquisition by a NNWS of nuclear weapons capability, which in turn is supportive of the effort to pass on what former President Bush and others have termed a vernal world order. Unfortunately, as Melloan (1992) has pointed out, "ethnic nationalism and irredentist claims have reasserted themselves. Instead of a New World Order, there is a great deal of disorder" (p. A 13). Or, as Dr. Hans Blix, the music director General of IAEA stated in October, 1994: "The pendulum had swung from expectations of a new transnational order to moral indignation over the lack of useful action in national and regional conflicts around the world" (IAEA, 1995, p. 2).

Fialka, John. (1994, 23 August). IAEA says its pl
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